What are PRP and PRF and Their Role in Healing?

What is Platelet-rich Plasma?

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a substance made from the patient’s own blood that can be used in oral and maxillofacial surgery. PRP contains high concentrations of platelets—tiny cells that help blood clot and contain growth factors.

To obtain platelet-rich plasma, a small amount of blood is taken from the patient’s arm, just like a normal blood test. The blood sample is then processed to separate platelets from other blood components to create PRP.

PRP can be applied directly to the surgical site or mixed with bone graft material to speed up the healing process.

What is Platelet-rich Fibrin?

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is another biological material derived from the patient’s own blood and commonly used in oral and maxillofacial surgery. This substance contains high concentrations of platelets and fibrin.

As with PRP, to obtain PRF, a blood sample is taken from the patient. However, with PRF, the blood is processed differently to form a fibrin clot. The clot is then compressed further in a centrifuge to obtain a PRF membrane, which is a gel-like material.

PRF can be placed directly at the surgical site or used in combination with a bone substitute. PRF provides a foundation for cells to reproduce, expediting healing.

What are the benefits of using PRP and PRF?

• Can improve healing: PRP and PRF contain growth factors that promote tissue regeneration and accelerate the healing process. They stimulate the body’s natural repair mechanisms, leading to faster, more efficient healing.
• Can reduce risk of complications: Using PRP and PRF in oral and maxillofacial surgery can reduce the risk of infection and other complications. Their antibacterial properties create an environment conducive to healing and help prevent the growth of harmful bacteria.
• Can create better patient outcomes: By using PRP and PRF, oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMSs) can improve surgical success and predictability. These biomaterials support the body’s ability to heal and contribute to better treatment outcomes.

Whether PRP, PRF, or other biological materials are recommended in oral and maxillofacial surgery depends on the specific procedure and the patient’s needs. Decisions regarding the use of these materials are made in consultation with the OMS based on the individual case. If you are considering oral and maxillofacial surgery, an OMS can provide detailed information on the use of these biologics and their potential benefits in your specific case.