Types of Corrective Jaw Surgery

Orthognathic surgery – sometimes called jaw surgery – is a type of surgery aimed at correcting jaw abnormalities and improving the way the jaws come together (occlusal function or occlusion), facial esthetics and overall oral health. Different types of orthognathic surgery can be performed depending on the specific condition and treatment goals. Below are some of the most common types of orthognathic surgery.

Maxillary Osteotomy 

A maxillary osteotomy focuses on repositioning the upper jaw (maxilla). This procedure is performed to treat conditions such as overgrown or undergrown maxilla, front teeth not touching when the mouth is closed (open bite) and teeth that are misaligned so that the upper teeth fit inside the lower teeth (crossbite). An oral and maxillofacial surgeon (OMS) carefully cuts and repositions the maxillary bones to achieve proper alignment and improve facial harmony.

Double Jaw Osteotomy 

A bimaxillary, or double jaw, osteotomy realigns the upper and lower jaws in one surgery. This comprehensive procedure is performed to treat complex cases such as jaw misalignment, severe tooth misalignment and facial asymmetry. The goal of a double jaw osteotomy is comprehensive correction of occlusion and improved overall facial esthetics.

Genioplasty

Genioplasty focuses on changing the shape of the jaw to improve facial balance and harmony, often in the case of a receding chin. Hence, genioplasty is sometimes called “chin surgery.” This surgery can be performed as a standalone procedure or in combination with other orthognathic procedures. The OMS can reposition the jawbone or utilize implants to achieve the desired aesthetic results.

Surgery for Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorders

In some cases, corrective jaw surgery may also aim to treat TMJ disorders. The goal of TMJ surgery is to reduce the pain and dysfunction associated with TMJ disorders – such as joint clicking, restricted jaw movement, and chronic jaw pain. Certain TMJ procedures may include joint repositioning, arthroscopy, or removal of damaged tissue. Each patient’s case is unique, and the type of orthognathic surgery recommended will depend on the position of the jaw, facial structure, bite problems, and overall treatment goals. Your OMS will perform a comprehensive assessment and work closely with you to develop a customized treatment plan.

What are the Advantages of Orthognathic Surgery?

Corrective jaw surgery has many benefits, including:

• Improved occlusal function: Corrective jaw surgery improves your bite by properly aligning your jaw, making it easier to chew, speak, and maintain good oral hygiene.
• Enhancement of facial structure: Correcting jaw abnormalities can improve the balance, symmetry, and overall appearance of the face.
• Relief of symptoms of TMJ disorders: If you have TMJ problems, corrective jaw surgery may reduce the pain, discomfort, and dysfunction associated with them in some cases.
• Improved airway and breathing: Correcting jaw misalignment improves the airway and reduces the risk of sleep apnea and difficulty breathing during sleep.
• Improved confidence: Improved facial symmetry and functionality can increase self-esteem and confidence.

Recovery time after corrective jaw surgery depends on the extent and type of surgery. It is normal to experience swelling, discomfort, and limited jaw movement during the early stages of healing. Your OMS will provide detailed postoperative instructions, including pain management, dietary restrictions, and oral hygiene practices. You will also attend follow-up appointments to ensure your healing is going smoothly.

If you are considering corrective jaw surgery, it is important to consult with an experienced OMS who can assess your specific needs and recommend the most suitable surgery.